Is Breast Cancer a Hereditary Condition?

Yes, some breast cancers are caused by inheriting genes with specific mutations. Hereditary breast cancer, on the other hand, accounts for just 5 to 10% of all breast cancer diagnoses. A family may have one of the following inherited gene mutations or genetic disorders, which raise cancer risk:

• BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations These gene mutations are linked to an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
• Mutations in the TP53 gene cause Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.
• Mutations in the PTEN gene cause Cowden Syndrome.
• ATM, CHEK2, PALB2. These gene mutations are linked to a slightly higher risk of breast cancer.

1) an increased incidence of these cancers among individuals with a family history of these cancers; 2) multiple family members affected with these and other cancers, and 3) a pattern of cancers compatible with autosomal dominant inheritance are all factors that point to a genetic contribution to both breast cancer and gynecologic cancer. An autosomal dominant cancer propensity gene can be inherited and transmitted by both males and females.

Additional variables, including as reproductive history, oral contraceptive and hormone replacement usage, early-life radiation exposure, alcohol use, and physical activity, might increase an individual's chance of developing cancer when combined with family history.

Genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk and risk-management measures are influenced by psychosocial variables. The use of genetic testing differs greatly between investigations. Cancer-specific discomfort and the perceived risk of acquiring breast or ovarian cancer are two psychological variables linked to testing uptake. In the long run, studies have demonstrated that both carriers and noncarriers experience minimal levels of distress after genetic testing. RRM and RRSO use vary between studies and may be impacted by factors such as cancer history, age, family history, health care professional recommendations, and preoperative genetic information and counseling. Gender, age, and the degree of relatedness are some of the factors that influence how patients communicate with their family members about a hereditary risk of breast and gynecologic cancer. Research is continuing to understand and manage psychological and behavioral concerns in high-risk families.